Описание
Записи данных
Данные этого sampling event ресурса были опубликованы в виде Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), который является стандартным форматом для обмена данными о биоразнообразии в виде набора из одной или нескольких таблиц. Основная таблица данных содержит 25 записей.
Также в наличии 1 таблиц с данными расширений. Записи расширений содержат дополнительную информацию об основной записи. Число записей в каждой таблице данных расширения показано ниже.
Данный экземпляр IPT архивирует данные и таким образом служит хранилищем данных. Данные и метаданные ресурсов доступны для скачивания в разделе Загрузки. В таблице версий перечислены другие версии ресурса, которые были доступны публично, что позволяет отслеживать изменения, внесенные в ресурс с течением времени.
Версии
В таблице ниже указаны только опубликованные версии ресурса, которые доступны для свободного скачивания.
Как оформить ссылку
Исследователи должны дать ссылку на эту работу следующим образом:
Din S U, Hong S (2025). Inventory of wild mammals from District Nagar, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Version 1.3. GBIF Secretariat. Samplingevent dataset. https://cloud.gbif.org/asia/resource?r=wildlife_nagar&v=1.3
Права
Исследователи должны соблюдать следующие права:
Публикующей организацией и владельцем прав на данную работу является GBIF Secretariat. Насколько это возможно по закону, издатель отказался от всех прав на эти данные и посвятил их Public Domain (CC0 1.0). Пользователи могут без ограничений копировать, изменять, распространять и использовать работу, в том числе в коммерческих целях.
Регистрация в GBIF
Этот ресурс был зарегистрирован в GBIF, ему был присвоен следующий UUID: 99aaf87c-d4a5-4239-a42a-63df6eb7dbe9. GBIF Secretariat отвечает за публикацию этого ресурса, и зарегистрирован в GBIF как издатель данных при оподдержке GBIF Secretariat.
Ключевые слова
Samplingevent; Observation Mammals Conservation Camera trapping Gilgit-Baltistan
Контакты
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-239X
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact ●
- Principal Investigator
Географический охват
Hoper Valley, situated 3,000 meters above sea level, and Hisper, located 3,500 meters above sea level, were covered.
| Ограничивающие координаты | Юг Запад [36,161, 74,789], Север Восток [36,202, 74,857] |
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Таксономический охват
In this study, we covered the following taxonomic groups. Class: Mammalia; Orders: Carnivora, Lagomorpha, Rodentia, and Artiodactyla; Families: Felidae, Canidae, Mustelidae, Bovidae, Leopridae, Ochotonidae, and Muridae.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
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| Class | Mammalia |
| Order | Rodentia, Carnivora, Lagomorpha, Artiodactyla |
| Family | Muridae, Mustelidae, Ochotonidae, Leporidae, Bovidae, Felidae, Canidae |
Временной охват
| Дата начала / Дата окончания | 2024-04-15 / 2024-11-15 |
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Данные проекта
Background The study area is located within the Central Karakoram National Park, nestled in the towering Karakoram mountain range. Situated at a high altitude in the District of Nagar, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, this region is characterized by its rugged terrain, glaciers, and snow-covered peaks. The diverse landscape provides an ideal habitat for medium- to large-sized mammals. Despite its ecological significance, the wildlife of this area remains under-studied. Therefore, the current study aimed to document the wild mammal species of the high-altitude Hoper and Hisper valleys. New information Camera trapping surveys were conducted from April to November 2024 to record wild mammals in the study area. Approximately 30 trail cameras were deployed across the study area, which resulted in 85 occurrence records for seven mammal species, including three carnivores, two lagomorphs, one rodent, and one ruminant. All species were native and non-endemic to the region. According to the IUCN Conservation status, Panthera uncia (Snow Leopard), Mustela altaica (Mountain weasel), and Capra sibirica (Himalayan ibex) belong to endangered categories. Out of the seven mammals reported in this study, the Snow Leopard and Himalayan Ibex have been previously reported from the area. The data collected from this survey provides valuable occurrence information on the mammal species present in the study area, which can serve as a baseline for monitoring and conservation efforts in the future.
| Название | Inventory of wild mammals from District Nagar, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan |
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| Идентификатор | PIC_NA_2024 |
| Финансирование | This research was supported by the Sejong Science Fellowship of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [grant number NRF-2021R1C1C2004162]. |
| Описание района исследования | The study was conducted in the Hoper and Hisper valleys, located in the Nagar District of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan (Fig 1). These valleys are part of the Central Karakoram National Park (CKNP) within the Karakorum Mountain Range. Encompassing an area of 1,735.84 km², the study area is characterized by its diverse topography, which includes watersheds, glaciers, towering snow-covered mountains, and steep slopes (Nawaz et al. 2021). Figure 2 presents images showcasing the landscape of the study area. Hoper Glacier (30 km) and Hisper Glacier (49 km) are the prominent glaciers in the study area. The study area spans temperate to sub-alpine and alpine zones with elevations ranging from 2,112 to 7,889 meters (see Fig 1). The climate is influenced by altitude, with winters being cold and dry, experiencing temperatures between −23°C and 10.8°C. In contrast, the summer months (June to August) are relatively mild, with temperatures reaching as high as 34°C. Precipitation in the study area is predominantly snowfall, accounting for about 90% of the total, with annual amounts ranging from 200 to 900 mm (Nawaz et al. 2021). Both valleys also contain lush green pastures that support a wide range of wild and domesticated animals such as goats, sheep, and yaks. The diverse habitats and varying altitudes in these valleys provide an ideal environment for several species of wildlife. |
| Описание плана выполнения исследований | The study area was divided into 2km x 2km grids (Tobler et al. 2008). Then, the settlements, agricultural lands, glaciers, and altitudes above 4500 meters were excluded. Camera sites were selected based on local knowledge, with input from the community to identify areas of high wildlife activity. The presence-absence data was collected for medium-large mammal species. |
Исполнители проекта:
Методы сбора
About 30 Trail cameras (T-9 Pro Black) were installed across the study area to record medium to large-sized mammals. The cameras were placed in areas of known wildlife activity, such as animal trails, water sources, and feeding zones, ensuring a representative sample across different habitats and elevations. The survey was conducted in two sessions: the first session took place in April 2024, with data retrieval in June 2024. After data retrieval in June, the cameras were maintained by replacing the batteries and SD cards, then left in place until November 2024. The camera locations were adjusted and moved within a 500-meter radius of the original site, either due to theft or in cases where no wildlife was captured, to ensure proper coverage and increase the likelihood of capturing relevant wildlife data. The sampling effort was calculated by multiplying the number of camera traps by the number of days they remained operational.
| Охват исследования | The current study focused on medium-large mammals in the study area for almost one year. The altitudinal range of the camera locations was between 2704 meters to 3989 meters above sea level. |
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| Контроль качества | The authors carefully verified the photos for proper species identification and used the IUCN Red List (https://www.iucnredlist.org/) to ensure correct nomenclature and to check the conservation status of each species. |
Описание этапа методики:
- At each site, the camera was installed on a tree trunk, rock, or wooden stick (Fig 3), depending on the available structures (Srbek-Araujo and Chiarello 2013; Lamelas-Lopez et al. 2020). The direction and angle of the camera were adjusted according to the terrain and expected wildlife movement patterns, ensuring an optimal field of view to capture wildlife activity while minimizing the chances of false triggers. After installation, all the barriers in front of the camera, like vegetation, any plant, or a branch, affect the result of the camera by triggering random photos (Oberosler et al. 2017). The settings of the trail cameras were then adjusted as follows: the cameras remained active for 24 hours, with three photos in a series set to capture each trigger. A short interval of 30 seconds was customized between photo captures (Lamelas-Lopez et al. 2020) and the sensitivity was set to medium to ensure reliable detection of wildlife. The serial number was customized according to the site name for easy identification, and finally, the date and time were correctly set to ensure accurate timestamping of all images (Oberosler et al. 2017). After retrieving data from the camera traps, the images were manually classified and renamed. The images were then imported into XnView software, where the date and time were extracted. The data was then organized as a sample event dataset, encompassing both event and occurrence data, and published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A) (Zuleger et al. 2023).
Дополнительные метаданные
| Благодарности | Funder: This research was supported by the Sejong Science Fellowship of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [grant number NRF-2021R1C1C2004162]. Acknowledgments We acknowledge the efforts of Dr. Saeed Abbas, Department of Animal Sciences at Karakoram International University for assisting in site selections within the study area. Additionally, we are thankful to Mr. Pervaz Abbas (student of Forestry, Wildlife, and Range Management, Karakoram International University) and his team for managing and conducting the field surveys. |
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| Приступая к работе | This dataset consists of camera trap data collected from the Hoper and Hisper Valleys in District Nagar, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, between April and November 2024. The dataset includes multiple files, primarily divided into two main categories: occurrence data and event data. These files are structured to document the presence and distribution of medium to large-sized wild mammals in the region. |
| Цель | The study aimed to document medium-large sized mammals in the Hoper and Hisper valleys using camera trapping data. The study provides a baseline data for the unique wild mammal species of the study area. |
| Альтернативные идентификаторы | 99aaf87c-d4a5-4239-a42a-63df6eb7dbe9 |
| https://cloud.gbif.org/asia/resource?r=wildlife_nagar |