Bat occurrences from Bulgaria

Registros

Los datos en este recurso de registros biológicos han sido publicados como Archivo Darwin Core(DwC-A), el cual es un formato estándar para compartir datos de biodiversidad como un conjunto de una o más tablas de datos. La tabla de datos del core contiene 10.203 registros.

Este IPT archiva los datos y, por lo tanto, sirve como repositorio de datos. Los datos y los metadatos del recurso están disponibles para su descarga en la sección descargas. La tabla versiones enumera otras versiones del recurso que se han puesto a disposición del público y permite seguir los cambios realizados en el recurso a lo largo del tiempo.

Versiones

La siguiente tabla muestra sólo las versiones publicadas del recurso que son de acceso público.

¿Cómo referenciar?

Los usuarios deben citar este trabajo de la siguiente manera:

Toshkova N, Brosens D, Stoeva E, Deleva S, Zhelyazkova V, Acosta-Pankov I, Goranov S, Dundarova H, Lakovski K, Genova O, Stoicheva S, Krushkova V, Ivanov A, Mechev A, Hubancheva A, Pavlova A, Metcheva R, Popov V, Beltcheva M, Pandurski I, Kisimov T, Kolev M, Kirov K, Karaganchev A, Karadakov V, Trendafilova S, Pavlova B, Yankov L, Stoyanov S, Yankov Y, Atanasov T, Georgieva T, Borisov I, Dilovski G, Dicheva A, Titorenkova S, Aleksandrova I, Delchev S, Sirakov K, Bradley I, Pazderkov D, Atanasov V, Zhelev P, Dechev A, Dimitrova K, Koseva K, Petrov B (2025). Bat occurrences from Bulgaria. Version 1.5. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Occurrence dataset. https://cloud.gbif.org/eca/resource?r=bat-occurrences-bulgaria&v=1.5

Derechos

Los usuarios deben respetar los siguientes derechos de uso:

El publicador y propietario de los derechos de este trabajo es National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. En la medida de lo posible según la ley, el publicador ha renunciado a todos los derechos sobre estos datos y los ha dedicado al Dominio público (CC0 1.0). Los usuarios pueden copiar, modificar, distribuir y utilizar la obra, incluso con fines comerciales, sin restricciones.

Registro GBIF

Este recurso ha sido registrado en GBIF con el siguiente UUID: 6b2a3042-db4f-4bf2-85a4-0301654a083a.  National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences publica este recurso y está registrado en GBIF como un publicador de datos avalado por GBIF Bulgaria.

Palabras clave

Occurrence; bat; Chiroptera; Bulgaria; Observation

Contactos

Cobertura geográfica

Bulgaria

Cobertura taxonómica

This dataset covers organisms belonging to the order Chiroptera (bats). It includes occurrence records of various bat species found in Bulgaria. In Bulgaria, bats are represented by four families: Vespertilionidae, Rhinolophidae, Miniopteridae, and Molossidae. The family Vespertilionidae is the most diverse and includes 26 species from several genera, such as Myotis, Barbastella, Eptesicus, Hypsugo, Nyctalus, Pipistrellus, Plecotus, and Vespertilio; the family Rhinolophidae, represented by 5 species; Miniopteridae represented by a single species; and Molossidae represented by one species.

Cobertura temporal

Datos del proyecto

The region of the Balkans is identified as a European biodiversity hot spot. The Balkans include part of Croatia, the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Greece, Bulgaria and the European part of Turkey. The Balkans is part of the Mediterranean Key Biodiversity Area (KBA). However, the biodiversity in the Balkans is threatened. More and more Balkan countries open their economies and become more accessible and attractive for large international investors and tourists. This causes major landscape changes. Agriculture is intensifying, infrastructure is being modernised and expanding at an accelerated pace, hydroelectric power stations in rivers are build, etc. Reliable data on species occurrence is needed for evidence-based conservation and management and further research on the biodiversity in the Balkans. Unfortunately, only a small amount of the geographically referenced species occurrence data from the Balkans is available. Baseline data on many groups like mammals, insects, plants, reptiles and amphibians are absent. With this project, we aim to mobilise data from the Balkans. Species specialists from five Balkan countries will be trained in data mobilisation. By promoting, communicating, and training researchers, the project will demonstrate the importance of FAIR data availability, aiming at mainstreaming biodiversity data publication in the region. The target is publishing more than 100.000 records, which will increase the number of published data on mammals, birds, insects, fish, reptiles and amphibians by at least 10%. The results of this project will also be published in Biodiversity Data Journal (Pensoft Publishers).

Personas asociadas al proyecto:

Métodos de muestreo

The dataset was compiled using a variety of sampling methods. The primary method involved direct observation of bats at underground and above-ground roosts, including abandoned buildings, bat boxes, and natural structures. In addition, bats were captured using mist nets and harp traps, particularly during field surveys at roost entrances, active foraging areas, and flying corridors. Acoustic monitoring was also employed, using both passive (stationary detectors) and active (manual recording) techniques to detect species presence in areas where physical capture was not feasible or appropriate. All bat calls were manually identified by experts to ensure reliable species-level identification. Additional data were collected from two bat rehabilitation centres, as well as from deceased individuals and bat skulls identified through museum and field collections. All data were collected, georeferenced, and organized by the authors. Subsequent data cleaning and post-processing were conducted to ensure taxonomic accuracy, remove duplicate records, and standardise geographic information in accordance with GBIF data publishing standards.

Descripción de la metodología paso a paso:

1. 1. Data collection: оccurrence data were gathered from multiple sources, including field surveys, acoustic monitoring, roost inspections, bat rehabilitation centers, deceased specimens, and literature reviews. All observations were recorded with associated metadata where available (e.g., date, locality, habitat type, method). 2. Species identification and validation: species identifications were performed or verified by qualified bat researchers. Acoustic recordings were reviewed and manually identified using reference call libraries. 3. Data digitisation: historical and literature-based records were digitised manually. Field data were entered into structured digital formats using spreadsheets and databases. 4. Georeferencing: all locality information was georeferenced using GPS data or estimated based on place names and mapped features. Coordinates were assigned in decimal degrees and validated using GIS tools. 5. Data cleaning and standardization: data were reviewed for errors, including invalid species names, date inconsistencies, and coordinate anomalies. Taxonomic names were standardized according to accepted references. Duplicate records were removed. 6. Formatting for GBIF: the cleaned dataset was structured according to the Darwin Core standard, ensuring compliance with GBIF formatting requirements. 7. Final review and publishing: the dataset underwent a final validation and quality control check before being published to the GBIF.

Referencias bibliográficas

1. Benda, P., Ivanova, T., Horáček, I., Hanák, V., Červený, J., Gaisler, J., Georgieva, A., Petrov, B., & Vohralík, V. (2003). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the eastern Mediterranean. Part 3. Review of bat distribution in Bulgaria. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 67(4), 245-357.
2. Deleva, S., Kolev, N., Ivanov, A., Marinova, P., Petkov, N., & Natchev, N. (2025). Biodiversity Surveys Before Residential Building Renovations in Bulgaria with Emphasis on the Impact and Conservation of Building-Dwelling Fauna. Ecologies, 6(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ecologies6010022
3. Dundarova, H., & Popov, V. V. (2024). Bats at an Altitude above 2000 m on Pirin Mountain, Bulgaria. Animals, 14(1), 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14010126
4. Popov, V. V. (2018). Bats in Bulgaria: Patterns of species distribution, richness, rarity, and vulnerability derived from distribution models. In Bats. IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.73623

Metadatos adicionales