説明
データ レコード
この オカレンス（観察データと標本) リソース内のデータは、1 つまたは複数のデータ テーブルとして生物多様性データを共有するための標準化された形式であるダーウィン コア アーカイブ (DwC-A) として公開されています。 コア データ テーブルには、78 レコードが含まれています。
拡張データ テーブルは1 件存在しています。拡張レコードは、コアのレコードについての追加情報を提供するものです。 各拡張データ テーブル内のレコード数を以下に示します。
この IPT はデータをアーカイブし、データ リポジトリとして機能します。データとリソースのメタデータは、 ダウンロード セクションからダウンロードできます。 バージョン テーブルから公開可能な他のバージョンを閲覧でき、リソースに加えられた変更を知ることができます。
バージョン
次の表は、公にアクセス可能な公開バージョンのリソースのみ表示しています。
引用方法
研究者はこの研究内容を以下のように引用する必要があります。:
Bilaskar M, Pujari B (2024). Snakes of Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus. Version 1.3. Alive Charitable Trust, Pune. Occurrence dataset. https://cloud.gbif.org/asia/resource?r=snakes_of_sppu&v=1.3
権利
研究者は権利に関する下記ステートメントを尊重する必要があります。:
パブリッシャーとライセンス保持者権利者は Alive Charitable Trust, Pune。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF登録
このリソースをはGBIF と登録されており GBIF UUID: 3d3b2918-43ae-4b8f-867b-71e12bd07fc8が割り当てられています。 Participant Node Managers Committee によって承認されたデータ パブリッシャーとして GBIF に登録されているAlive Charitable Trust, Pune が、このリソースをパブリッシュしました。
キーワード
Occurrence; Snakes; Human-wildlife-conflict; Rescue; Observation
連絡先
- メタデータ提供者 ●
- 最初のデータ採集者 ●
- 連絡先
- Department of Environmental Science
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7600-8955
- メタデータ提供者 ●
- Custodiansteward(保管者）
地理的範囲
Savitribai Phule Pune University
| 座標（緯度経度） | 南 西 [18.545, 73.822], 北 東 [18.56, 73.831] |
|---|
生物分類学的範囲
Snakes of different families.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Reptilia |
| Order | Squamata |
| Family | Uropeltidae, Viperidae, Elapidae, Typhlopidae, Colubridae |
時間的範囲
| 開始日 / 終了日 | 2019-01-18 / 2021-12-22 |
|---|
プロジェクトデータ
The project focuses on the analysis of multiple datasets related to human-wildlife encounters. By examining these datasets, we aim to uncover patterns, trends, and correlations that shed light on the complex dynamics between humans and wildlife. The insights gained from this analysis will contribute to a better understanding of human-wildlife coexistence and inform effective conservation strategies.
| タイトル | ALIVE Human-Wildlife encounters |
|---|---|
| 識別子 | alive-human-wildlife-encounters |
| Study Area Description | Savitribai Phule Pune University |
| 研究の意図、目的、背景など（デザイン） | This study employs a descriptive observational design to document and analyze the diversity of snake species within the Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) campus over a three-year period (2019–2021). Data collection, solely done by the first author (MB), relied on opportunistic searches and rescue operations, systematically recording snake encounters reported by campus residents and security personnel. Each encounter was documented with details such as species identification, location, date, and seasonal variations. Snakes were safely captured using standard tools, photographed, and identified using established taxonomic references. Post-identification, they were released into suitable habitats. The study design prioritizes two key objectives: first, to compile a comprehensive checklist of snake species present within the campus, and second, to analyze patterns in their encounters, including frequency, seasonal trends, and proximity to human settlements. By combining observational data with rescue records, the design ensures a robust dataset capturing both natural and human-induced interactions. The study also considers the influence of habitat alterations, such as urbanization and construction activities, to contextualize the observed patterns. This design enables an integrative understanding of snake diversity and its conservation implications in an urban setting. The first author (MB) is a snake rescuer assigned by the Maharashtra Forest Department and Katraj Snake Park, Pune, to conduct rescue operations in a specific area of the city. The second author (BP) contributed to data processing, management, metadata handling and overall project coordination. |
プロジェクトに携わる要員:
収集方法
The sampling methodology for this study was based on opportunistic encounters and rescue operations within the Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) campus between January 2019 and December 2021. This approach involved recording data whenever snakes were encountered by campus residents, security personnel, or researchers during routine activities. The campus was treated as a single ecological unit, with observations spanning its diverse habitats, including green patches, water bodies, residential areas, and construction zones. Snakes reported by residents or security staff were included in the dataset if verified through direct rescue operations or photographic evidence. Contact information for the first author was distributed across departments and residential quarters to facilitate timely reporting of snake sightings. Systematic documentation of each encounter included species identification, location, date, and relevant environmental conditions (e.g., season). Given the opportunistic nature of the sampling, the data does not represent a structured or exhaustive survey. Instead, it reflects the naturally occurring interactions between snakes and humans within the campus environment. Unattended or unreported sightings, as well as snakes deemed harmless by residents, were not included, making the dataset a conservative estimate of the actual snake diversity in the area. This sampling strategy provides valuable insights into the frequency and distribution of snake encounters, particularly in human-dominated landscapes, while acknowledging the inherent limitations of opportunistic sampling.
| Study Extent | An 400 acre area of Savitribai Phule Pune University in the metropolitan city of Pune, India. It is defined by diverse changes in habitat from lush green during the rains and brown after the rains recedes. The university campus flora is typically dry mixed deciduous type due to high diurnal temperature range. The campus also represents few water bodies in the form of lakes, streams and temporary wetlands that plays a pivotal role considering ecological significance of this area. The area receives about 1000 mm precipitation/year, prevalently during monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The synoptic climatology and the topography of the city are conducive to sustain good diversity of snakes for that reason. |
|---|---|
| Quality Control | Quality control was rigorously maintained throughout this study to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Snake species were identified using established taxonomic references such as *Whitaker & Captain (2008)*, *Deoras (1965)*, and *Khaire (2010)*. Key morphological features, coloration, and behavioral traits were closely examined, and photographs were taken for record-keeping and cross-verification. The primary researcher and assistants were trained in proper snake handling and identification techniques, employing professional tools like snake hooks and cotton bags to minimize stress on the animals and ensure human safety. Reports from residents and security personnel were verified through direct observation or photographic evidence before being included in the dataset. Ambiguous or unverified reports were excluded to maintain the reliability of the findings. Data for each encounter, such as species, date, location, and environmental context, were systematically recorded using a standardized format immediately after rescues to minimize errors or omissions. Sightings not verified by the research team were excluded to ensure the dataset contained only confirmed observations. Periodic reviews and cross-checks of the data were conducted, using photographic evidence and field notes, to identify and resolve any inconsistencies. Taxonomic identifications were also cross-validated with secondary sources when necessary. Habitat-specific analysis was performed to evaluate encounter trends in relation to different habitat types, such as green patches and residential areas. Anomalies or outliers in the data were investigated further to ensure consistency. |
Method step description:
- A snake is sighted by campus residents, security personnel, or the research team. Alternatively, a report is received via designated communication channels (e.g., phone or direct contact).
- The sighting is verified through direct observation or photographic evidence to confirm the presence of the snake. The research team ensures that the report is reliable before proceeding.
- If the snake poses a potential risk or is within human habitation, it is safely captured using professional tools such as snake hooks and cotton bags. Care is taken to minimize disturbance to the snake and ensure the safety of the handlers.
- The snake is identified using key morphological features, coloration, and behavior, cross-referenced with taxonomic guides such as Whitaker & Captain (2008). Photographs are taken to document the encounter.
- Data Recording: - Detailed information is systematically logged, including: - Date and time of the observation - Location of the sighting - Species name (scientific and common) - Habitat type (e.g., green patch, residential area) - Environmental conditions, if relevant (e.g., weather, season)
- After identification and recording, the snake is released, if captured, into a suitable habitat to ensure its safety and minimize stress.
- The recorded data is reviewed and cross-verified with photographs and field notes to ensure accuracy and consistency.
- The observation is added to the overall dataset, contributing to the comprehensive checklist of snake encounters over the study period.
追加のメタデータ
| はじめに | India boasts an incredible diversity of over 270 snake species, making up approximately 9% of the world's snake population (Uetz et al., 2022). The richness of this reptilian fauna has been acknowledged for over a century, with 264 species documented by Boulenger in 1890 and 258 species recorded by Das in 1996. This diversity is ecologically significant but increasingly threatened by relentless habitat destruction and urban expansion driven by human economic activities. Studies by Achard et al. (2002) and Jenkins (2003) reveal that deforestation, fires, soil erosion, agrochemical usage, and inadequate scientific understanding have led to alarming declines in biodiversity, as corroborated by subsequent research (Bambaradeniya et al., 2003; Pethiyagoda, 1994, 2007b). Globally, 22% of reptiles and 32.5% of amphibians are now endangered, with several species already declared extinct (Dirzo & Raven, 2003). Amid this backdrop of environmental degradation, India's snake populations face turbulent futures. Establishing robust local and regional databases on snake species, their habitats, and distributions is critical for advancing conservation efforts and mitigating the impact of urbanization (Cooke, 2008). |
|---|---|
| Getting Started | The dataset (one file) comprises records of snake encounters, detailing their length, conservation status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and legal protection status under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (WLPA), 1972. |
| 目的 | The primary objective of this study is to systematically document the snake diversity within the Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) campus, focusing on species frequently encountered in both natural and human-altered habitats. By analyzing data collected over three years (2019–2021) from opportunistic sightings and rescue operations, the study aims to establish a comprehensive checklist of snake species. It further explores the influence of urbanization, such as habitat destruction and increased construction activities, on the encounter rates and movement patterns of these reptiles. Through this research, the study seeks to highlight the importance of conserving urban biodiversity and proposes strategies to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts while ensuring habitat protection. |
| 代替識別子 | https://cloud.gbif.org/asia/resource?r=snakes_of_sppu |